The National Museum of Valjevo was founded in 1951 and located in Muselim's Lodgings, the building in which Aleksa Nenadović and Ilija Birčanin, Valjevo dukes, had spent their last night before they were executed on the bank of the Kolubara at the beginning of 1804. Their death marked the beginning of the First Serbian Rising and Muselim's Lodgings became a symbol of that time.

In 1969, the Museum was relocated in the building of the old Valjevo Grammar School, where it has remainded till today. Four museum collections (historical, artistic, archeological and ethnological) are kept in the Museum today, comprising about 10000 objects.